???????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????з????о?,?????ú???????X-???????????羵??????????????????????,???????????????е????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????
?????????????;??;????;??????е????;???????
?????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????о?,??????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????,???,?????????????????????????з?????????????????
??????, ????????????о??????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????[1]?????,?????????????????????????,???????(?????????????)??????????????????????з????о?,?????ú???????X????????????羵???????????????????????????,???????????????е????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????
1 ?????????????????
??????????????????????????,??????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????
1.1 ????????????
1.1.1 ??????????
????????????60%-70%,???????????????????????????????[2]???????????羵????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????(???4-5??)?????????ɡ????????????????,?????????????????????????????λ?????????????λ,???????????5O%????,???1?????
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?1???????????????????? |
?2???????????????? |
|
(?:???Ml: ??????;P?ó??????;S1: ?????????;S2????????в?;S3-S7??????????) |
????????????????????????,???????С,??????????????????????????,?????в???????????????????,????????????????,?????С,???2???"[3-4]??
1.1.2 ????????????
(1)?????????????
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?3??????????????? |
?3???????????????? |
?????????????????????????????????????,???????κλ?????,??????0.04-0.5mm,?????10-200mm????????????????Щ????????,?糤????????????,?????????????????,??????????[5]????????????????沣?????,??????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????á??3???4???????????????????????[6]??????п??????,?????????????????????????,?е?????????????????????????????,????п?,????????????????????????
(2)????????????
????????????????????????????????????,???????л?????????????????????????????????????????????,??????,?????????[7-8],?????????????????????????,?????????????????,????????????,????????????????????????????????,?5???6??????????????????????[6]??????п??????,????????????????????,??Щ?????γ????????????????????Ч?,????????????????????????????
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?5?????????????? |
?6??????????????? |
1.2 ????????????
1.2.1 ????????????
(1)?????????????????
????Thero Nico1et NEXUS 670 FTIR?????????,??????????(??????)????????????????,????????????????е????????????ж??仯???????[9-10]???????????7??
???7?????????????????????????λ?ü???????????????????,???????????1056.O9cm-1(?????)??1057.29cm-l(???????)???????弰??????1033cm-1??1161cm-l???????????????,?????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????1650cm-l??1900cm-1????δ??????????????????????????????????????????????????壬??????????????
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(a)??????? |
(b)?????? |
|
?7???????????????????????? |
(2)???????????[lO]
???????????av300????????????Nue1ear Magnetic Resonance Instrument)?????????????????????????????в???????????ó?13C-NMR?????8?????
|
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(a)?????? |
(b)??????? |
(c)??????? |
|
?8?????????????????????????????????? |
?????1????????????????????λ??????б?????????????????????????,1-4????????????????????????λ????????,??????????????????????????????????62.8??10-6??84.2??10-6λ?????????????С??,?????????????????,???????????????????Cl?????????????,??????104.4??10-6??105.9??10-6??????????,?????????????塣??????????????????????κβ??
??1????????????13C??????????λ??
|
?????? |
|
C6 |
C2 |
C5 |
C3 |
C4 |
C1 |
|
?????? |
62.8 |
65.3 |
71.7 |
72.6 |
75.2 |
84.2 |
89.1 |
97.3 |
104.4 |
105.4 |
106.9 |
|
??????? |
62.8 |
65.3 |
71.7 |
72.6 |
75.2 |
84.0 |
89.1 |
97.3 |
104.4 |
105.4 |
106.0 |
|
??????? |
62.7 |
65.4 |
71.7 |
72.3 |
75.1 |
84.3 |
89.2 |
|
|
105.3 |
|
?:?????λ?????????????10??
1.2.2 ?????????????
(1)???X???????[4]
????????X?????????????D/max-2550PC18kW???X??????????????С?
????????Segal????????????????CrI,???????????????????[11]??
|
Crl= |
I002 - Iamorph |
??100% |
|
I002 |
???:I002???????002????????????,Iamorph?2????18???????????
?????????(????)??????Scherrer????[l2]????:
??У?L????????;???????????; ???X??????,k?л?峣??,?0.9
?ν??????[4]????X???????????????????????????????????????????,??????9??
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a??????;b????????;c????????;d?????? |
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?9?????????X???????????? |
?9????????????I??X????????,2??????14.60??16.25??22.47??33.85??,???????101??10T??002??040?????????塣????????????????и????????,002??????????????????????????????,???????????????????,?????????????????
????????н??????????,?????????????,????????顢????????С,??????????????????????
(2)?????????
?????????X???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2[10]??
??2?????????????????????????????
|
?????? |
???????/??n |
??????/fcz |
|
?????? |
0.05935 |
0.9180 |
|
??????? |
0.06216 |
0.9281 |
?????????X????????????:???????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????г???????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????,???????????й???,??????????????,?????,???????????????,????С??????????????????7?????С,??????????????????,?????,??,???
2 ?????????????е????
????????????????????????е?????????3[l3]??
??3 ????????????????????????е??????
|
??? |
???????/cN/dtex |
????????% |
??????/cN/dtex |
?????% |
??????/cN/dtex |
|
??? |
?? |
??? |
?? |
??? |
?? |
??? |
?? |
|
?????? |
1.7-14.7 |
1.86-17.3 |
0.8-5.9 |
1.5-6.7 |
69.8-290.6 |
75.3-290.3 |
11.6 |
1.4-61.2 |
3.0-73.9 |
|
????? |
1.4-2.5 |
1.2-1.5 |
16-23.8 |
25???? |
??,7-52.4 |
4.4-m.6 |
12 |
0.3-0.4 |
0.1-0.2 |
|
?????? |
1.8-2.6 |
1.1-1.6 |
16-22 |
21-29 |
35.3-52.9 |
5.2-31.4 |
13 |
0.2-0.4 |
0.1-0.2 |
|
????? |
1.8-3.1 |
2.2-4.0 |
7-12 |
12-14 |
6O-82 |
11.1 |
|
|
|
??????? |
6.6-6.8 |
8.3-8.5 |
15-3.9 |
2.0-2.4 |
158.3-223.1 |
14 |
|
|
2.l ??????
????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????;?????????????????,????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????70%????,??????????31.??,????????????????30%??????????????????????????????????????????????????????
2.2 ???????????????
???3???????,?????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????仯????????????????????Tence1??Loyce11???,????Moda1??????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????
2.3 ?????????????????[6]
?????????????????????,???????????????????п?,????÷????????,?????????????ж???????????,??Щ???????????????????????Ч?,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????в???,???????????????????????12%,?????????????????????????,??36??,100%??????????????,??????????????45%,?????????????,??8.75%???????45%?????????6??С?????[16-17]?????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????и??????????????,????????????????????????????????
3 ?????????????
???г????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????
3.1 ??????????[10]
????????????????,??????????16.7-83.3tex????????????????????????á????????????????????????????,???????????????T????????????????????????????????????÷??????????,????????????????,???桢??????????????????????????????????????????
3.2 ?????????????
???????????????,???????,??????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????30%-40%???????60%-70%?????????????????,???????????????Ч??????,???????????????????????????????
3.3 ???????????
????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????е????????????,?????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????·????,???????????????,?????????????
3.4 Lyocell????????????[18]
?????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????Lyoce11?????,???????????????????????????Lyoce11?????????????????????????????????????,????????????????,?????????????????????????????
Lyoce11????????????Lyoce11??????,????????????????????,????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???н????????????г??????
4 ??????
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???ó????????????????????????:????????????е????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????й??????????,??????????????????????????,?????????????????г?????????,?????????????????о???????С?
5 ?ο?????
[1] ??????,??????.?????????????[J]???????????,2007,15(4);43-48
[2] ?????,?????????????????[J]??????,2007(4);43-45
[3] ??????,??????.?????????????????????[J]??????,2004(4);10-13
[4] ?ν???,???,?????,????????????[J]??????,2008,29(2);20-24
[5] ?μ???.??????????豸[M]????,?й??????????,2004
[6] ???÷.???????????????????о?[D]????,??????,2005
[7] ?????.??????????????????[M]????,?й??????????,2001
[8] Wang H M,Post1e R,Kess1er W,Removing pectin and 1ignin during chemica1 processing of hemp for texti1e app1ications[J]Texti1e Research Journa1, 2003,73;664-669
[9] Sain M,Panthapu1akka1 s.Bioprocess preparation of wheat straw fibers and the1r character1zation [J]Industria1 Crops and Products, 2006,23;1-8
[10]?????,???????????????????????????????[D]????,??????,2008
[11] Sega1 L, Cree1yL, Martin AE, et a1. An empirica1 method for estimating the degree of crysta11inity of native ce11u1ose using X-ray diffractometer [J]Texti1es Research Journa1,1959,29;786-794
[12] Ahtee M, Hattu1a T,Mangs J,et a1.An X-ray diffract1on method for determ1nation of crysta11inity of wood pu1p [J]Paperi Ja Puu,1988,8;475-480
[13]?????,????.??????????????????????????[J]??????,2006(2);24-25
[14]??????,?????.??????????????????о?[J]??????????,2000(3);1-4
[15]?????,л????.?????????????????????[J]?????????,2005(2);27-28
[16]????,???о?.????????[M]?й??????????2002,1
[17]?????,?????.???????[M]?????????????2002,1
[18]?????,??????,??????,Lyoce11?????????????[J]?????????,2010,38(2):31-32
